The primary performance advantage of 64-bit on regular PCs will be for tasks where there is talk about high memory consumption - when both sets according to how much memory you can have on the computer, and also the amount of memory you have which is distributed in the operating system and applications. With 32-bit version of Windows 7, with the default setup, and 4 gigabytes of memory in the system to 2 gigabytes will be available for applications and 2 gigabytes would be booked operating system.
In fact the trend really that one can see slightly lower performance on 32-bit applications under 64-bit Windows. This is pure processing terms. 32-bit applications will also be able to take advantage of the fact that Windows 7 can address more memory, even if the application itself can not use more than 2 gigabytes of memory. 32-bit applications not serve to argue about the same 2 gigabytes when the computer has enough memory.
Much memory in the system will also be included to give an overall performance improvement of more real use situations where you have multiple programs running and switches between them, and that you have multiple applications and services running in the background. Having a lot of free memory is a waste of memory. Windows uses a good posjon of free memory to set up the cache that contains, among other files and other data that have recently been used. If applications require more memory to the size of these the buffers is reduced.
For many types of applications, there is no "must" that there must be a 64-bit version. As long as there is an application that will use more memory or processing data in such a way that 64-bit is appropriate, it is not in itself a bad thing that the application continues to be 32-bit. For some developers, it will not be worth the extra cost and time consumption to create a 64-bit version - then you can either put the focus on to make 32-bit version better. At the same time it should be noted that for a number of development projects will mainly be talking about a recompile to get a 64-bit version, but this must also be tested through, which gives some extra work.
Have I 64-bit processor?
Easiest way to find out if you have the processor supports 64-bit might be to seek out information at the manufacturer or on Wikipedia. The program CPU-Z can also help you answer what processor you have in your computer, as well as a number of properties for it. Look at this picture:

In the Red label is the "x86-64", which means that this is a processor with 64-bit expansion. x86-64 is a term used by AMD. If you have a processor from Intel with 64-bit expansion will read "EM64T" instead.
PS! A part that is running this program will find that processor speed, "Core speed", is lower than what the processor actually should be. This will be because of power saving technologies such as Intel SpeedStep and AMD Cool'n'Quiet. These are technologies that are reducing the processor speed for as long as the load is low.